韩语翻译元宵节诗词英译赏析:《青玉案·元夕》
Only on a glance cast backward do I behold:
In the crowds for her I’d searched a thousand times
(2)许渊冲、许明译,简称许译
由上可见,诗词的英国翻译要做到繁复,流利,有韵律,有诗意,贴切,虔诚于原作,并不容易。
In gold-thread dress, with moth or willow ornaments,
I look for her in vain.
青玉案·元夕
暗香一词,U译成浮香(fragrance floating),说出香的状态而没有说是微淡的香。陶译成幽香(subtle perfume), 许译成缕香(trials of scents)都很好。然而,假设根据林和靖咏梅诗:“疏影横斜水清浅,暗香浮动月傍晚。”则暗香的状态可能是浮动的。因此,假设U译加一字,改成暗香浮动(faint fragrance floating),就贴切了。
by Xin Qiji
玉壶一词,U译和陶译都是译成玉壶 (jade pot, jade urn)。比较合乎原作之意。许译成月亮,只管有此一说,然而与原作之意不甚贴切。由于据缜密《武林新闻。元夕》:“灯之品极多,。。福州所进,则纯用白玉,晃耀炫目,如清水玉壶。。。”。所以玉壶应该就是白玉雕饰的灯。
三篇译文,都比其它译文繁复,流利,有诗意,而且比较虔诚于辛公原作。音韵上,三篇中许译和U译都押韵,念起来很有音乐感。陶译基本上不押韵,念起来比较平淡。
One night's east wind adorns a thousand trees with flowers
“上元”,“元夕”,指的都是“元宵节”。辛弃疾的这首《青玉案》,描述了在元夕灯火中等寻情人的情形,是稼轩词中为数很少的触及恋情的作品之一。
Phoenix-cooing flutes resounding,
Ą
Butterflies, willows, charms of gold
A shower of stars blown
Passing with laughter gurgling, fragrance floating?
But in the crowd once and again
All night the fishes and the dragons danced
众里寻他千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在,灯火阑珊处。
Bringing showers of glowing stars down streets,
By the east wind
Far and near, among the crowds surging,
Gone -- that angelic laughter, that subtle perfume
Fine steeds and carved cabs spread fragrance en route;
Music vibrates from the flute;
There she is, where lights are burning so low!
Luster of the jade white urn turning
(4)温哥华陶学生译,简称陶译
When all at once I turn my head,
辛弃疾的《青玉案·元夕》一词脍炙人口。英国翻译有很多。最著名的非许渊冲老学生翻译的版本莫属了。许渊冲----诗译英法惟一人 ,北京大学传授,翻译家。在国际外出版中、英、法文著译六十本,包括《诗经》、《楚辞》、《李白诗选》、《西厢记》、《红与黑》、《包法利夫人》、《追想似水年华》等中外名著,是有史以来将中国历代诗词译成英、法韵文的惟一专家。2000年被提名为诺贝尔文学奖候选人。
元宵佳节,怎样不说一说古代诗词!
Ą
See the snow-clad willow twigs of the maidens
Jade-pot-flashing lanterns revolving,
宝马雕车香满路,凤萧声动,壶光转,一夜鱼龙舞 。
东风夜放花千树,更吹落,星如雨。
Dolphins and dragons are dancing away--
(宋)辛弃疾
辛弃疾的《青玉案·元夕》一词脍炙人口。英国翻译有很多。咱们选出三个相对优良的英译版本,简略地评论一下,看看能否能找出其中最好的一篇。
蛾儿雪柳黄金缕,笑语盈盈暗香去。
Night lights a thousand trees in bloom
“暗香去”的去字,U译和陶译用过去(passing, gone)不迭许译用融入(melts into)好。
See the grain moths silvern, the tassels golden?
文字上,各有所长。例如雕车一词,许译间接用雕车(carved cabs),U译用香车(scented chariots),陶译用华车,装璜华美的车 (ornate carriages ) 。这一词,许译比较虔诚于原来文字。宝马的马字,许译和U译用英文诗中罕用的马字(steeds),比较好。而陶译则用个别的马字(horses)。
Filled the boulevards with a sweet fragrance
Ornate carriages drawn by gallant horses
Perchance I turned
Where lights were few and dim
Tens of thousands of rounds for one I’ve been searching;
“蓦然回首”一词中的蓦然,陶译比较简略,只用偶然(perchance )一字, U译用匆匆一瞥(only on a glance),两者都未能表达出蓦然一词中有突然的意思。许译成突然(when all at once), 最贴切了。
Fleeting our scented chariots and stately steeds.
While fish and dragon lanterns dance all night.
And blows down stars in showers.
Voice of the magic flute flowing
Ą
And there she was
I find her there where lantern light is dimly shed.
The east wind at night has flowered a thousand trees,
The moon sheds its full light
All night long it’s bright as day.
(2)译者U君,简称U译
Giggling, she melts into the throng with trails of scents
凤箫一词,U译用( Phoenix-cooing flutes)最好,有凤之形和凤之声。Cooing 是鸟类的鸪鸪声,也可能是人类的喁喁情话。想像一下,凤箫声动,日语翻译,收回如鸟鸣,如情话之声,如许美。许译只简略地用箫(flute)一字,没有译凤字。陶译则用神奇的箫(magic flute)代替,也没有用凤字。
The Lantern Festival Night - to the tune of Green Jade Table